QUESTIONS (TRUE/FALSE):
1. Deoxyribose is a synthetic form of coffee sweetener.
2. Ribose is a sugar.
3. DNA is normally found as two long strands wrapped around each other.
4. DNA is used to make RNA.
5. There are four types of RNA; messenger, nuclear, ribosomal and transfer.
6. Ribosomes are factories for the production of DNA.
7. C-G and A-T pairs are found in DNA.
8. A-U pairs are found in RNA.
9. RNA usually has three strands.
10. mRNA carries the codes for the production of proteins.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
11. DNA is a very long molecule with
a. many side chains and branches
b. ribose building blocks
c. base pairs of A-T and C-G
d. base pairs of A-U and C-G
e. RNA daughter strands
12. DNA does not produce proteins directly, it first produces
a. translations of coded molecules
b. only messenger RNA
c. enzymes
d. mRNA, tRNA and rRNA
e. ribosomal viruses
13. RNA (mRNA, tRNA and rRNA) differs from DNA because
a. it has extra proteins
b. RNA is single stranded
c. amino acids don't react with it
d. DNA is triple stranded
e. the base pairs are identical
14. One form of RNA is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it
a. links the tRNA and daughter DNA molecules
b. sends tRNA to the ribosomes
c. directs the production of viruses
d. contains coded instructions for the production of acidic ions.
e. carries the code for proteins
15. The production of proteins from the constellation of mRNA, tRNA and ribosomes is called
a. transgenic
b. transcription
c. translation
d. description
e. replication
ESSAY:
16. Describe some of the events that occur during replication, transcription and translation.
17. Some deadly diseases are caused by the faulty translation of just one amino acid. Why aren't there many more fatal genetic diseases?
18. Describe a possible outcome if it were possible to place some base other than A, C, T, or G within the DNA molecule.
19. DNA molecules are so long that they may be damaged by cellular disruption, ionizing radiation, chemical attack and many other agents. In fact several theories about the origins of cancers include these mechanisms. Choose one of these agents and explain how it might cause a cell to become cancerous.
20. We are protein based lifeforms. Is it possible to have lifeforms based on other substances? Would this still need some equivalent to the DNA molecule?